ABSTRACT

Wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of small devices, which are called sensors. It is capable of sensing the environmental events, make processing of them and send data to the base station (BS), which needs high energy for its usage. This network which is limited to iterate the dead nodes, bring by energy depletion and to maximize the life-span of the system. Many routing protocols have been proposed and the efficiency of WSN declines as changing of the parameters of sensor nodes. The protocols in WSN are classified to heterogeneous or homogeneous. In this paper, we test the effects of node density and network area on various distributed energyefficient clustering based on protocols such as Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering (DEEC), Developed Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering (DDEEC) and Threshold Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering (TDEEC) as multilevel heterogeneous protocols, and MODLEACH protocols as an example of homogeneous routing protocols. Threshold Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering protocol has better performance than Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering protocol, Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering protocol and Enhanced Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering protocol (EDEEC) but Modified Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy protocol (MODLEACH) is lengthy the stable period other than protocols. The sent packet to BS and the received one from BS are increased with increasing of nodes number and decreased with increasing of network area. The life time of network decreases conversely with increasing the area of transmission. These parameters will increase the performance of the entire network. Especially in real-time applications that use the WSNs, which, are expected to work in fields such as industry, rubout or battle tracking.

Keywords: - Energy-Efficient Clustering Protocol, Wireless Sensor Networks, Heterogeneous and homogeneous protocols, Distributed algorithms, Network performances